铁路桥连续刚构边跨现浇段的吊架设计及受力检算

采用挂篮施工的连续刚构边跨现浇段的支架形式多种多样,其设计目的是施工简便、安全牢固、确保质量及节约成本。在遂渝二线铁路薛家坝涪江左线特大桥连续刚构梁边跨现浇段施工时采用型钢吊架支撑,吊架分别利用原施工悬浇节段的挂篮及在墩顶预埋工字钢作支承点。吊架施工现浇段不仅结构简单、施工方便,而且在安全、质量及效益方面均取得了很好的效果。文章对型钢吊架的设计、施工方法进行了详细介绍,并对吊架进行了受力分析及验算,验证了方案的可行性,为以后同类桥型的施工提供参考。     

论述壁面剪应力在提高固井水泥浆顶替效率的研究

固井工程是一项应用工程,是建井过程中的重要环节,它直接影响钻井周期和建井成本,以及油田开发方案的实施。深井、超深井的井下地质条件非常复杂,对固井质量有许多不利的因素,在井下条件确定的情况下,决定性的因素是环空流动的壁面剪应力,它是影响顶替效率的主要因素。     

Development of the ‘Travelcard’ Concept in Urban Public Transport

Traditionally, urban bus operators have collected fares in cash for each trip. Some limited mechanisation has occurred in ticket issue at stations. Partly for reasons of operating convenience, there has recently been a shift to simpler fares and prepayment, notably through the introduction of ‘Travelcards', that is, tickets or passes permitting unlimited use of the network (or zones thereof) for a defined period. These cover both all-bus systems, and bus/rail networks (such as the West Midlands PTE system). They are now used in all main British conurbations, following introduction of the London Transport bus/rail Travelcard in May 1983. The Travelcard in effect redefines the ‘product’ being sold. Instead of the public transport service being perceived as a series of separate journeys, payment is made periodically for use of the network as a whole. Cost perception is thus put on a similar basis to that for the private car. The marginal money cost for each trip becomes zero. Interchange penalties associated with re-booking are eliminated. Payment may be made by cheque or credit card, rather than cash, further changing the perception of costs. Product quality is also enhanced through speeding up of services (one-person- operated buses), and enabling the user to select the quickest and/or most convenient route in a network by removing the interchange penalty.     

一个解决平面几何问题的有效方法

欧氏几何是射影几何的子几何,用射影的观点考虑一些几何问题,不需要太多技巧,并且在很大程度上使问题的解决变得容易,射影坐标的建立就是一个解决平面几何问题的有效方法。     

Convergence and divergence of role stress experience of locally hired Japanese and non-Japanese host country staff: a qualitative study

This qualitative study examines the role stress (comprising of role ambiguity and role conflict) experienced by locally hired Japanese (LJ) and non-Japanese (NJ) staff in a sample of Japanese companies in Australia. Expatriates were also interviewed to gather information regarding the impact of cross-cultural understanding on role ambiguity and role conflict in their work relationships with LJ and NJ staff. Both LJ staff and NJ local staff experienced two types of role ambiguity, resulting from insufficient English competence and information shortage. NJ staff experienced two additional types of role ambiguity due to their lack of cultural understanding about Japan. LJ staff experienced two types of role conflict which were not experienced by NJ local staff. These were caused by their cultural understanding about Australia, and their Japanese cultural heritage and understanding of the society and organisational processes. This study shows that cultural understanding of one's host country and parent country could reduce role ambiguity. In addition, it was found that cultural understanding of one's host country and parent country results in role conflict. These findings suggest that cultural understanding could have positive and negative consequences on role stress. Theoretical and practical implications in the management of white-collar staff in overseas Japanese companies are discussed.     

Challenging The Spirit Level: Is There Really a Relationship between Inequality and Obesity?

This paper examines the proposition, set out in The Spirit Level, that inequality is associated with high levels of obesity. It reviews existing literature and uses British Household Panel Survey data to study how district‐level and regional‐level income inequality is related to obesity in the UK. This is likely to be the first study of its type that uses individual‐level data that is representative of the UK population. We find little evidence to support policies that reduce income inequality with the aim of reducing obesity levels in the UK.     

某校行政办公楼预应力砼梁施工方案

在进行预应力砼梁施工时,施工用材要符合设计要求,设备满足施工要求。文章从设备、配件的安装检查,预应力钢绞线的安装、锚固、张拉应力的控制及施工技术要点,砼梁的浇筑及灌浆养护,安全文明施工、环境要求及工程资料的整理等方面对预应力砼梁施工进行了探讨。     

心理干预复合咪达唑仑对腔镜手术心理应激反应的影响

探讨心理干预复合咪达唑仑对腹腔镜全宫切除患者术前心理应激反应的影响。择期行腹腔镜全宫切除术患者90例,ASAI或Π级,随机等分为3组：对照组（C组）,不用术前用药;咪达唑仑组（M组）,术前30 min肌注咪达唑仑0.05 mg/kg;心理干预复合咪达唑仑组（PIM组）,按照心理干预方法进行术前访视,术前30 min肌注咪达唑仑0.05 mg/kg。术晨8时及入室后即刻测定3组患者的血清ACTH、Cor、AT-Π与IL-6水平,记录术前一日访视时及入室后即刻的MAP、HR和SpO2值,并行S-AI、AVAT评分。心理干预复合咪达唑仑能明显减轻腹腔镜全宫切除术患者术前的心理负担和焦虑程度,不失为一种调控手术患者术前急性不良心理应激反应的简便易行而又切实有效的方法。     

The relationships between stress,health, and physically active leisure as a function of life‐cycle

This article examines relationships between stress, health, and participation in physically active leisure using data collected as part of the 1985 and 1990 U.S. National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS). In particular, the article analyzes: (a) the effects of life‐cycle progression (controlled for gender) on subjectively perceived stress and self‐reported health; (b) the role of physically active leisure in enhancing health or buffering adverse health outcomes of stress; and (c) the effects of selected social‐economic factors, such as education and income, on the relationships between life‐cycle, stress, health, and physically active leisure. According to our analyses: (1) stress is unevenly distributed across the life span; (2) stress‐reducing effects of physically active leisure are present among retired older people more so than in the middle‐aged life‐cycle groups; and (3) direct health‐enhancing effects of participation in physically active leisure are more evident than the buffering effects of leisure on stress‐health relationships. A critical discussion of methodological and substantive issues facing researchers interested in the relationships between leisure, stress, and health is provided.     

开敞式泄水闸稳定应力计算

对某开敞式泄水闸进行了整体抗滑稳定和基底应力计算,计算结果表明泄水闸的结构布置是合理的。